She was executed by him after his return. Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos Philopator Philadelphos (Koinē Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Νέος Διόνυσος Φιλοπάτωρ Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaĩos, "Ptolemy New Dionysus, Father-lover, Sibling-lover"; c. 117 BC – before 22 March 51 BC) was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Ancient Egypt. The manner in which he ruled his empire did not offer very many benefits to the general public. Birthplace: Egypt Location of death: Alexandria, Egypt Cause of death: Suicide. Ptolemy also provided pay and maintenance for 8,000 cavalry to Pompey for his war with Judaea. [40], Egyptians heard rumours of Rome's possible intervention and disliked the idea of their exiled king's return. He ruled under the shadow of potential Rom. [34], The bribery policy had been unpopular in Egypt for a long time, both because of its obsequiousness and because of the heavy tax burden that it entailed, but the annexation of Cyprus demonstrated its failure and enraged the people of Alexandria. Like his younger cousin, Ptolemy XI, Auletes ["the Piper"] was sent to the isle of Cos where he was taken hostage by Mithradates VI of Pontus (88 BCE). Ptolemy paid Pompey and Caesar six thousand talents – an enormous sum, equivalent to the total annual revenue of Egypt. [63], The philosopher Porphyry (c. 234 – c. 305 AD) wrote of Ptolemy XII's daughter Cleopatra VI Tryphaena, who reigned alongside her sister Berenice. Nevertheless, upon entering the palace, Ptolemy had Berenic… Ptolemy XII was a Hellenistic ruler of Macedonian descent. There’s proof that Cleopatra wasn’t as physically striking as once believed. He also asked Pompey to come to Alexandria and help to put down a revolt which had apparently broken out in Egypt; Pompey refused. [9] This theory is endorsed by the historian Adrian Goldsworthy. Daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes, born 69 (or 68) BC. [15] Chris Bennett argues that these sons should be identified as Ptolemy XII and Ptolemy of Cyprus. Ptolemy XII Auletes The son of Ptolemy IX became the ward of his grandmother [ Cleopatra III] when his father was exiled to Cyprus (107 BCE). Diademed head of Ptolemy I to right, wearing aegis. His reign was officially dated as having begun on the death of his father in 81 BC, thereby eliding the reigns of Berenice III and Ptolemy X. Born in 70 or 69 B.C., Cleopatra was a Text: Image: Svoronos 1860: Ptolemy XII AR Tetradrachm. [45], At the moment of Ptolemy XII's restoration, Roman creditors demanded the repayment of their loans, but the Alexandrian treasury could not repay the king's debt. Ptolemy XII's personal cult name (Neos Dionysos) earned him the ridiculing sobriquet Auletes (flute player) — as we learn from Strabo's writing (Strabo XVII, 1, 11): Ptolemy XII died sometime before 22 March 51 BC. Cleopatra. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. He was commonly known as Auletes, referring to the king's love of playing the flute in Dionysian festivals. ptolemy XII auletes pronunciation with meanings, synonyms, antonyms, translations, sentences and more The correct way to pronounce the brand name Carrera is? Cleopatra was born in Alexandria, then the capital of Egypt. Relatives. Ptolemy IX meanwhile had been remarried to Cleopatra Selene, with whom he had a daughter, Berenice III. Shortly afterwards, Ptolemy XII was deposed by the Egyptian people and fled to Rome; his eldest daughter, Berenice IV, took the throne. [1][2] Some scholars have therefore proposed that his mother was a concubine – probably an Alexandrian Greek,[3][4][5][6] but possibly a member of the Egyptian elite. He was the first Ptolemy to include Theos (God) in his formal title. [7][8][note 1] However, Chris Bennett argues that Ptolemy XII's mother was Cleopatra IV and that he was considered illegitimate simply because she had never been co-regent. [37] On the way, he stopped in Rhodes where the exiled Cato the Younger offered him advice on how to approach the Roman aristocracy, but no tangible support. of the Macedonian dynasty, son of Ptolemy VIII and the younger Cleopatra. Cleopatra III sent her grandsons to Kos in 103 BC. [23] The couple became co-regents and they were incorporated into the Ptolemaic dynastic cult together as the Theoi Philopatores kai Philadelphoi (Father-loving and Sibling-loving Gods). Egypt came under increasing Roman pressure nevertheless. [30][31][32], In 58 BC, the Romans took control of Cyprus, causing its ruler, Ptolemy XII's brother, to commit suicide. Ptolemy XII Auletes - 185.jpg 707 × 1,305; 182 KB Ptolemy XII Dionisos.jpg 1,679 × 1,631; 804 KB Ptolemy XII making offerings to Egyptian Gods, … While the Senate delayed an answer, Ptolemy, continuing to dispense bribes, fell deeper into debt to Roman moneylenders. [14][18] Ironically, their father had reclaimed the Egyptian throne around the same time. Although he was known as a son of Ptolemy IX Soter II, his mother was a mistress of Soter, not a wife. [18] The exact date of Ptolemy XII's restoration is unknown; the earliest possible date of restoration is January 4, 55 BC and the latest possible date was June 24 the same year. interference with Egyp. As a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, he was a descendant of its founder, Ptolemy I. In that year, Ptolemy XII served as the Priest of Alexander and Ptolemaic kings (an office which Ptolemy IX otherwise held himself throughout his reign) and had a festival established in his honour in Cyrene. to 51 B.C. In 103 he was sent by his grandmother, Cleopatra III, queen of Egypt, in the company of his brother and Ptolemy XI Alexander II, his predecessor, to Cos, an Aegean island near Asia Minor, for safekeeping. The identity of his mother is uncertain. [12] Justin mentions that Ptolemy IX left two sons behind when he fled Alexandria. The reign of Cleopatra was ended by a cabal of courtiers, led by the eunuch Pothinus. Upon regaining power, Ptolemy acted against Berenice, and along with her supporters, she was executed. Increasingly, Ptolemy XII also had recourse to loans from Roman bankers, such as Gaius Rabirius Postumus. The loss of Cyprus and Ptolemy’s submissive attitude to Rome outraged the people of Alexandria, who drove Ptolemy out of Egypt and accepted his queen, Tryphaeana, and his eldest daughter, Berenice IV, as rulers in 58. [14], When Ptolemy X had died in 88 BC, his will had left Egypt to Rome in the event that he had no surviving heirs. He is assumed to be an illegitimate son of Ptolemy IX Soter since it can not be confirmed if he is the son of Cleopatra IV of Egypt. [13][14] Relations between Ptolemy IX and his mother deteriorated. Ptolemy XII Auletes 116 BC - 50 BC. Daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes (117- 51 BC) , probably by Cleopatra V Tryphaena (ca 70-69 BC) ; Succeeded her father Ptolemy XII with her brother Ptolemy XIII in 51 BC ; Was expelled from Egypt in mid 48 BC. In 65 BC, the Roman censor, Marcus Licinius Crassus proposed that Rome annex Egypt. Restored to power in August 48 B.C. His favorite daughter, Cleopatra VII succeeded him on the throne. [38][34] During this time, Roman creditors realized that they would not get the return on their loans to the king without his restoration. He was commonly known as Auletes (Αὐλητής, "the Flautist"), referring to the king's love of playing the flute in Dionysian festivals. [22] Her parentage is uncertain – modern scholarship often interprets her as a sister,[22] but Christopher Bennett argues that she was a daughter of Ptolemy X. Svoronos, Ioannis. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. Ptolemy XII (Ptolemy Auletes) (tŏl`əmē ôlē`tēz), d. 51 B.C., king of ancient Egypt (80–58 B.C., 55–51 B.C. He named his daughter Cleopatra VII as his co-regent in 52 BC. [22], In 76 BC, the High Priest of Ptah in Memphis died and Ptolemy XII travelled to Memphis to appoint his fourteen-year-old son, Pasherienptah III, as the new High Priest. Ptolemy XII Auletes ("the flutist") or Neos Dionysos ("new Dionysus"): king of the Ptolemaic Empire, ruled from 80 to 58 and from 55 to 51. [43] The exact date of Ptolemy XII's restoration is unknown; the earliest possible date of restoration was 4 January 55 BC and the latest possible date was 24 June the same year. While they were gone, Cleopatra's mother took the throne, but died mysteriously soon after. [19] Meanwhile, Ptolemy IX died in December 81 BC and was succeeded by Berenice III. Corrections? Cleopatra's sister Berenice IV may have poisoned her in order to take the throne. Auletes có nghĩa là người thổi sáo, vốn dĩ ông có biệt hiệu này vì sở thích của ông là thổi sáo. Following Cleopatra Tryphaena's death a year later, Berenice ruled alone from 57 to 56 BC. [56][57][58][59][60][61][62] The identity of the mother of the last three of Ptolemy's children, in birth order Arsinoe IV, Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator, and Ptolemy XIV, is also uncertain. They were held by Mithridates as hostages until 80 BC. Ptolemy seemingly had their leader Dio of Alexandria poisoned and most of the other protesters killed before they reached Rome. Near the end of Ptolemy's reign, the value of Egyptian coinage dropped to about fifty per cent of its value at the beginning of his first reign.[48]. Cleopatra’s father was known as Ptolemy XII. Initially, Ptolemy XII funded them by raising taxes. She was queen and her brother was king. However, Cicero and other ancient sources refer to Ptolemy XII as an illegitimate son; Pompeius Trogus called him a "nothos" (bastard), while Pausanias wrote that Ptolemy IX had no legitimate sons at all. Since the Senate was busy with its own affairs, his ally Pompey approved the will. The dark-gray granite sphinx, which has been identified as Cleopatra’s father, Ptolemy XII Auletes, was one of a pair flanking the statue at the entrance to a small temple set within the area of Cleopatra’s Royal Palace on the island of Antirhodos, in Alexandria’s Eastern Harbour. [26] This proposal failed in the face of opposition from Quintus Lutatius Catulus and Cicero. The new king weathered these initial independence, eventually obtaining Rom. B.C. [64] The Greek historian Strabo (c. 63 BC – c. AD 24) stated that the king had only three daughters of whom the eldest has been referred to as Berenice IV. In 117 BC, Ptolemy IX was governor of Cyprus, but in 116 BC his father Ptolemy VIII died and he returned to Alexandria, becoming the junior co-regent of his grandmother Cleopatra II and his mother Cleopatra III. Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos Philopator Philadelphos (Koinē Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Νέος Διόνυσος Φιλοπάτωρ Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaĩos, "Ptolemy New Dionysus, Father-lover, Sibling-lover"; c. 117 BC – before 22 March 51 BC) was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Ancient Egypt. As a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, he was a descendant of its founder, Ptolemy I. Ptolemy XII was an illegitimate son of Ptolemy IX by an uncertain mother. [36][34], Taking his daughter Cleopatra with him, Ptolemy fled for the safety of Rome. Shortly before his death in 51 he proclaimed his eldest surviving daughter, the celebrated Cleopatra VII, and his eldest son coregents. Ptolemy XII Auletes, (Greek: “Flute Player”) in full Ptolemy XII Theos Philopater Philadelphus Neos Dionysos Auletes, (born c. 112 bc —died 51 bc), Macedonian king of Egypt, whose quasi-legitimate royal status compelled him to depend heavily upon Rome for support for his throne. Ptolemy XII maintained his grip on power in Alexandria with the assistance of around two thousand Roman soldiers and mercenaries, known as the Gabiniani. Her brother was only 12 years old, so she was the real leader. Auletes means pipes-player, and refers to his chubby cheeks, like the inflated cheeks of a pipe-player. Svoronos 1856 (assigned by Regling to Ptolemy XII). Thames & Hudson. [22] Ptolemy adopted a new royal epithet Neos Dionysos (New Dionysus) at some time after this; Chris Bennett proposes that the epithet was linked to the break with Cleopatra. This gave the Romans even more leverage over his regime and meant that the fate of Egypt became an increasingly immediate issue in Roman politics. In April 80 BC, Ptolemy XI Alexander II, the son of Ptolemy X, was installed as her co-regent, promptly murdered her, and was himself killed by an angry Alexandrian mob. Omissions? Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos Philopator Philadelphos was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Ancient Egypt. [22], In August 69 BC, Cleopatra V ceases to be mentioned as co-regent. [7][20][21], On his arrival in Alexandria, in April 80 BC, Ptolemy XII was proclaimed king. Her father was Ptolemy XII Auletes. Her father was also known as Auletes or the Piper because he played the flute. Through her father, Ptolemy XII Auletes, she was a descendant of two prominent companions of Alexander the Great of Macedon: the general Ptolemy I Soter, founder of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt, and Seleucus I Nicator, the Macedonian Greek founder of the Seleucid Empire of West Asia. During his reign Egypt became virtually a client kingdom of the Roman Republic. They removed … In light of this crisis, however, Ptolemy XII began to expend significant resources on bribing Roman politicians to support his interests. He died the next year and was succeeded by Cleopatra and her brother, Ptolemy XIII, as joint rulers. Rev. Ptolemy XII was the oldest son of Ptolemy IX Soter. In 107 BC she forced him to flee Alexandria for Cyprus and replaced him as co-regent with his younger brother Ptolemy X Alexander. King Auletes was born sometime during 100 B.C. Gender: Female Race or. [41], In 55 BC, Ptolemy paid Aulus Gabinius 10,000 talents to invade Egypt and so recovered his throne. He also arranged the assassination of delegations sent by his opponents from Alexandria, where, following his queen’s death, the people had made Berenice IV sole ruler. She was murdered by his rival in 114 BC. Rome annexed Cyprus in 58 BC, causing Ptolemy of Cyprus to commit suicide. recognition of his sovereignty by a vast bribe. Ptolemy, seeking Roman support, sent troops to assist the consul and general Pompey the Great in Palestine. Ptolemy XII Auletes (117 BC-51 BC) was the Ptolemaic King of Egypt from 80 to 58 BC (succeeding Ptolemy XI and preceding Cleopatra VI and Berenice IV) and from 55 to 51 BC (succeeding Cleopatra VI and Berenice and preceding Ptolemy XIII and Cleopatra). By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. However, he was forced into a civil war against his mother and brother, Ptolemy X, leading to his exile in 107 BC. [33] Ptolemy XII took no action in response to his brother's death and Cyprus remained a Roman province until returned to Ptolemaic control by Julius Caesar in 48 BC. Father: Ptolemy XII Auletes Mother An Egyptian lady from a Memphite priestly family; Wife: Cleopatra VII Main deeds. ), of the Macedonian dynasty, illegitimate son of Ptolemy IX Ptolemy IX (Ptolemy Lathyrus) , d. 81 B.C., king of ancient Egypt (116–107 B.C., 88–81 B.C.) One hypothesis contends that possibly they (and perhaps Cleopatra VII) were Ptolemy XII's children with a theoretical half Macedonian Greek, half Egyptian woman belonging to a priestly family from Memphis in northern Egypt,[56] but this is only speculation. These encounters are described in detail on Pasherienptah's funerary stela, Stele BM 866, and they demonstrate the extremely close and mutually reinforcing relationship that had developed between the Ptolemaic kings and the Memphite priesthood by this date. Queen of Egypt. [29] In return, a formal alliance or foedus was formed. The Alexandrians then summoned Ptolemy XII to return to Egypt and assume the kingship; his brother became king of Cyprus, where he would reign until 58 BC. There he was accused de repetundis, but defended by Cicero and probably acquitted. They were captured by Mithridates VI of Pontus probably in 88 BC, around the time Ptolemy IX returned to the Egyptian throne. In 80 BC, Ptolemy XII succeeded Ptolemy XI to the throne of Egypt. At some point during this period, probably in 81 or 80 BC, they were engaged to two of Mithridates' daughters, Mithridatis and Nyssa. [49] His will stipulated that Cleopatra VII and her brother Ptolemy XIII should rule Egypt together. Many experts now identify Cleopatra VI with Cleopatra V.[55], Bust of Ptolemy XII housed at the Department of Greek, Etruscan and Roman Antiquities at the, Πτολεμαῖος Νέος Διόνυσος Φιλοπάτωρ Φιλάδελφος, sfn error: no target: CITEREFSullivan1990 (. [50] According to the author Mary Siani-Davies: Throughout his long-lasting reign the principal aim of Ptolemy was to secure his hold on the Egyptian throne so as to eventually pass it to his heirs. was an illegitimate son of Ptolemy IX, and a man of ill character. Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (c. 100? Ta nomísmata tou krátous tōn Ptolemaíōn (Coinage of the Ptolemaic Rulers), 4 volumes. He was the father of Cleopatra and Ptolemy XIII, who succeeded him and jointly ruled Egypt after his death. Perhaps Gabinius had also put pressure on Ptolemy XII to appoint Rabirius, who now had direct access to the financial resources of Egypt but exploited the land too much. Gabinius defeated the Egyptian frontier forces, marched to Alexandria, and attacked the palace, where the palace guards surrendered without fighting. The images of her that had been carved on the main pylon of the Temple of Horus at Edfu were covered over at this time. In 63 BC, when Pompey was reorganising Syria and Anatolia following his victory in the Third Mithridatic War, Ptolemy sought to form a relationship with Pompey by sending him a golden crown. [46][47] Ptolemy also permitted a debasing of the coinage as an attempt to repay the loans. After defeating the frontier forces of the Egyptian kingdom, Aulus Gabinius's army proceeded to attack the palace guards but the guards surrendered before a battle commenced. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Residing at Pompey’s villa at Rome, he employed bribery to obtain the support of the Roman senators. [9], Ptolemy IX made an attempt to reclaim the Ptolemaic throne in 103 BC, by invading Judaea. Ptolemy XII finally recovered his throne by paying Aulus Gabinius 10,000 talents to invade Egypt in 55 BC. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Her mother was likely Cleopatra V Tryphaena, Auletes' wife. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ptolemy-XII-Auletes, Virtual Religion Network - Biography of Ptolemy XII Auletes. But just like the Ptolemy era before him, her father’s reign was filled with greed, corruption, and hard labor. In Rome, Ptolemy XII prosecuted his restitution but met opposition from certain members of the Senate. In an effort to prevent this, Ptolemy XII established an alliance with Rome late into his first reign. This arrangement enabled Rome to exert power over Ptolemy, who ruled until he fell ill in 51 BC. Ptolemy married his sister Cleopatra V Tryphaena who was with certainty the mother of his eldest known child, Berenice IV. [27][24][28], The money required for these bribes was enormous. At the start of this war, Cleopatra III sent her grandsons to the island of Kos along with her treasure in order to protect them. [12] By 109 BC, Ptolemy IX had begun the process of introducing Ptolemy XII to public life. Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes) (80–58 BC, 55–51 BC) married Cleopatra V Tryphaena; Cleopatra V Tryphaena (58–57 BC) ruled jointly with Berenice IV Epiphaneia (58–55 BC) and Cleopatra VI Tryphaena (58 BC) Rabirius immediately left Egypt and went back to Rome at the end of 54 BC. Ptolemy XII Auletes (80-51 BC) AR Tetradrachm (year 9 =72 BC). A strike by farmers of royal land in Herakleopolis which is attested in a papyrus document from 61/60 BC has been interpreted as a sign of widespread discontent with this taxation. The king had to imprison Rabirius to protect his life from the angry people, then allowed him to escape. Ptolemy Neos Dionysos Theos Philopator Theos Philadelphos (c. 117 BCE – c. 51 BCE), better known as Ptolemy XII Auletes, was a pharaoh of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt. Generally, descriptions of Ptolemy XII portray him as weak and self-indulgent, drunk, or a lover of music. Coins with her image on … [10], The date of Ptolemy XII's birth is thus uncertain. Shortly after his arrival in Egypt, Ptolemy married Cleopatra V Tryphaeana (“the Opulent”), his sister, and in 76 he was crowned in Alexandria according to Egyptian rites. Dodson, Aidan and Hilton, Dyan. Diademed Head of Ptolemy I right, wearing aegis / ΠTOΛEMAIOY BAΣIΛIEΩΣ, eagle standing left on thunderbolt / LΘ to left, ΠA in upper right field. [44] On 31 May 52 BC his daughter Cleopatra VII was named as his coregent. When she was a girl, she traveled to Rome with her father. This … Bagaimanapun, Rom tidak mencabar penggantian Ptolemy XII kerana Senate enggan mengambil Mesir. His old ally Pompey housed the exiled king and his daughter and argued on behalf of Ptolemy's restoration in the Senate. [24][25] Ptolemy XII continued this pro-Roman policy in order to protect himself and secure his dynasty's fate. 2004. sfnp error: no target: CITEREFSchiff2011 (, harvtxt error: no target: CITEREFLefkowtiz1997 (, "Pharaonic temples in Upper Egypt from the Ptolemaic and Roman periods - UNESCO World Heritage Centre", "Eusebius: Chronicle p. 167, accessed online", Strabo, Geography, Book XVII, pp. The courtiers in Alexandria forced Ptolemy to step down from the thone and leave Egypt. With Roman funding and military assistance, Ptolemy XII was able to recapture Egypt and have Berenice IV killed in 55 BC. 13.8 gr. (Auletes was not part of his formal title.). ke-rai-ra Tetradrachm (Silver, 25 mm, 13.31 g, 12 h), Alexandria, year KH = 28 = 54/53. “Ptolemy XII Auletes and the Romans”, Historia 46 (1997). His uncle, Ptolemy X, had left Egypt to Rome in the event there were no surviving heirs, making Roman annexation of Egypt a possibility. [11] If he was the son of Cleopatra IV, he was probably born around 117 BC and followed around a year later by a brother, known as Ptolemy of Cyprus. Berenice IV, (died 55 bc), eldest daughter of Ptolemy XII Auletes of Egypt, sister of the great Cleopatra VII, and ruler of Egypt during her father’s absence in 58–55. [35] He was replaced by his daughter Berenice IV, who ruled jointly with Cleopatra Tryphaena, who is probably Ptolemy XII's former wife but may be an otherwise unattested daughter. The Roman historian Cassius Dio wrote that a group of one hundred men were sent as envoys from Egypt to make their case to the Romans against Ptolemy XII's restoration. Cleopatra made some enemies amongst the courtiers. ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ Eagle standing left on thunderbolt; in field to left, LKH above crown of Isis; in field to right, ΠA under palm branch. However, Rome did not wish to invade Egypt to restore the king, since the Sibylline books stated that if an Egyptian king asked for help and Rome proceeded with military intervention, great dangers and difficulties would occur. In 116 BC Ptolemy IX's father, Ptolemy VIII, died and he became co-regent with his mother, Cleopatra III. AKA Cleopatra VII Thea Philopator. Ptolemy XII memerintah bersama dengan anak perempuannya Cleopatra VI Tryphaena dan isterinya Cleopatra V Tryphaena. The Roman Senate recognised Ptolemy as king and Caesar passed a law that added Ptolemy to the list of friends and allies of the people of Rome (amici et socii populi Romani) in 59 BC. At Rome, however, anti-Senate politicians in 65 raised the issue of Ptolemy’s legitimacy, producing a questionable will of Ptolemy XI Alexander II purporting to bequeath Egypt to the Roman people. Captured in 88 by Mithradates VI Eupator, ruler of Pontus, a kingdom in Asia Minor that was then at war with Rome, young Ptolemy appeared in 80 in Syria, from where, according to Cicero, he arrived in Egypt, while his brother became king of Cyprus. As a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, he was a descendant of its founder, Ptolemy I. Much of what is known about her life comes from the work of Greco-Roman scholars, particularly Plutarch. Ptolemy XII,“Auletes” (80-51 b.c.) He ruled Egypt from 80 B.C. His extensive bribery left Egypt in financial trouble. Cicero, representing Pompey’s interests, persuaded the Senate to oppose Roman annexation. Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos (Auletes), restored, 55-51 BC. H Rome nevertheless divested Egypt of Cyprus the next year, and, when his brother in Egypt failed to support him, the island’s king committed suicide. Ptolemy XII was recalled from Pontus and proclaimed king of Egypt, while his brother, also named Ptolemy, became king of Cyprus. Ptolemaios XII Auletes (117–51 TCN, tiếng Hy Lạp : Αὐλητής, Πτολεμαῖος) là một pharaon Ai Cập. Following the sudden, violent deaths of the last two fully legitimate members of the Ptolemaic family in Egypt, the people of Alexandria in 80 invited Ptolemy XII to assume the throne. A skilled general, powerful personality, and shrewd politician, he had founded one of the great Hellenistic Empires that directed the course of Mediterranean history between the Macedonian Empire and the rise of Rome. He was commonly known as Auletes (Αὐλητής, "the Flautist"), referring to the king's love of playing the flute in Dionysian festivals. Ptolemy XII Auletes. To achieve this goal he was prepared to sacrifice much: the loss of rich Ptolemaic lands, most of his wealth and even, according to Cicero, the very dignity on which the mystique of kingship rested when he appeared before the Roman people as a mere supplicant. Updates? – 51 B.C. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree.... Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. In turn, Pasherienptah III crowned Ptolemy as Pharaoh and then went to Alexandria, where he was appointed as Ptolemy XII's 'prophet'. Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos Philopator Philadelphos (Koinē Greek: Πτολεμαῖος Νέος Διόνυσος Φιλοπάτωρ Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaĩos, "Ptolemy New Dionysus, Father-lover, Sibling-lover"; c. 117 BC – before 22 March 51 BC) was a king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Ancient Egypt. Cleopatra II died in 115 BC and shortly afterwards Cleopatra III forced Ptolemy IX to divorce his sister-wife Cleopatra IV, who was sent off to marry the Seleucid king Antiochus IX Cyzicenus. Athens (1904-08). Ptolemy XII Auletes, (Greek: “Flute Player”) in full Ptolemy XII Theos Philopater Philadelphus Neos Dionysos Auletes, (born c. 112 bc—died 51 bc), Macedonian king of Egypt, whose quasi-legitimate royal status compelled him to depend heavily upon Rome for support for his throne. This title was probably meant to reinforce Ptolemy XII's claim to the throne in the face of claims that his parentage meant that he was an illegitimate son of Ptolemy IX and therefore not entitled to rule. [65] This suggests that the Cleopatra Tryphaena mentioned by Porphyry may not have been Ptolemy's daughter, but his wife. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. 45–47, accessed online, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptolemy_XII_Auletes&oldid=1004971425, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Koinē Greek-language text, Articles containing Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text, Pages with login required references or sources, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Ptolemy Neos Dionysos Philopator Philadelphos, Queen of Egypt (June 58 BC – early 55 BC), Queen of Cyprus in 48 BC, claimed queenship of Egypt from late 48 BC until expelled by, Co-regent with Cleopatra VII (51 – 47 BC), Co-regent with Cleopatra VII (47 – 44 BC), This page was last edited on 5 February 2021, at 09:02. Facing serious opposition from the people of Alexandria and still unsure of his status at Rome, Ptolemy bribed Julius Caesar, one of the Roman consuls for the year 59, with 6,000 talents, in return for which Caesar passed a law acknowledging his kingship. To safeguard his interests, he made the people of Rome executors of his will.

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